Great Ideas Project: Origin of Sex Essay -- DNA Biology Biological Pap

Great Ideas Project Origin of SexSex, though usually employ in terms of reproduction, is actually quite separate it refers to the splitting and recombining of genetic material through the meiosis (fission) and fertilization (fusion) of genomes in such a focus that, when they are reproduced, the new generation of cells contains a different set of genes than that of its parents. Sex is by no means necessary for reproduction. A perk upual reproduction, or parthenogenesis, is actually about twice as efficient for population growth there is thus a two-fold cost of sex in reproduction. There are many benefits to sex, however, that outmatch its inefficiency. Among these benefits are the opportunities for the repair of alter DNA, the rapid recombination of genes to more readily adapt to changing environments, and the elimination of the accumulation of deleterious mutations from a population. It is easy to find benefits to sex finding a theory for the origin of sex is not nearly as simple. There are many contested theories for what made organisms evolve in a pattern which is less efficient for population growth, but no sure-fire answers.1The predominant theory for the origin of sex has always been the benefits of DNA repair. In an asexual haploid cell, if both sides of a DNA strand were damagedfor instance, if the thymine and adenine erred and became unrecognizablesince the cell would have only one write of the information, there would be no chance for the cell to repair the damage and the cell would either die or be able to pass on only grossly mutated genes. However, an asexual diploid cell and a sexual cell each contain an extra set of chromosomes providing the template to repair that damaged DNA strand. Using DNA r... ...rsity Press2 Michod, Richard E. (1998). Origin of Sex for Error Repair. Theoretical Population Biology, 53, 60-743 Mauro Santos, et. al. (2003) Origin of Sex Revisted. Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere, 32, 405-432 4 Dacks, Joel and Roger, Andrew J. The First versed Lineage and the Relevance of Facultative Sex. Journal of Molecular Evolution (1999), Issue 48 pg 779-783.5 Leboeuf, Adrian. UCSB Researchers Study Advantages of Sexual Reproduction Daily Nexus, volume 82, issue 286 Crow JF. Advantages of Sexual Reproduction PMID 80624557 Rothschild, Lynn J. The Influence of UV Radiation on Protistan Evolution. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology (1999), Issue 46 no. 5 pg. 548-555.8 Sterrer, Wolfgang. On the Origin of Sex as Vaccination. Journal of Theoretical Biology (2002), Issue 216 pg. 387-396.

Just Say No! A Profile Of Cocaine And Its Effects On Two Lives Essay

Just Say No A Profile Of Cocaine and Its Effects On Two LivesGreek mythology tells of a young perfection, Morpheus, god of dreams. Morpheusplanted a special purple flower called the lotus. Soon the people of the landsmelled the sweet flowers and ate them. They immediately feel into a deep and affect sleep. From that day on, they awoke only long enough to gather thelotus flowers and sleep again. Eventually they lost their strength andwillpower and wanted only to drift in and out of sleep.1 The story of thelotus-eaters and similar tales from ancient times show us that drug use is notnew. Today this problem threatens all of our society. The worst, most perniciousof drugs, however, is cocaine. This report will talk about what cocaine is,what it does to the human body, and two fantastic people who gave their livesbecause of it.Today, over 5 million people use cocaine each month. Each day, 3,000people try cocaine for the first time.2 Cocaine is a white powder made from theleaves of the cocoa plant. Cocaine is first press to form a paste then, thepaste is mixed with strong chemicals to make a white, powdery mixture. Mostcocaine comes from South America. It is estimated that about 400 heaps ofcocaine is smuggled out of South America each year. Half of this cocaine endsup on the streets of the United States.Cocaine is a stimulant. That means that when it is us...

English Language Learners Essay -- Education, ESL

Presently there is a rising number of English Language Learners (ELLs) entering into classrooms all in all over the country. fit to the three research studies that I utilized, there are several varied assessment approaches for teaching ELLs in reading (Davis-Lenski, Ehlers-Zavala, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, 2006 Dreher, & Letcher-Gray, 2009 Ebe, 2010). English Language Learners (ELLs) consistently agitate with some aspects of reading because, they lack background knowledge in terms of the generalized text selections, which they are often given (Davis-Lenski, Ehlers-Zavala, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, 2006 Dreher, & Letcher-Gray, 2009 Ebe, 2010). The data across all three journal documents agrees that there is an achievement gap where ELLs are consistently performing at lower levels than their native-born English-speaking peers (Davis-Lenski, Ehlers-Zavala, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, 2006 Dreher, & Letcher-Gray, 2009 Ebe, 2010). Researchers seem to vary on how to instruct, and assess studen ts who are ELLs. One element that all of the authors concentrated on was seeking out the best practice(s) for using assessments to create effective instruction for ELLS (Davis-Lenksi, Ehlers-Zavla, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, (2006), Dreher, & Letcher-Gray (2009) and Ebe 2010). there are 4.5 million ELLS currently enrolled in the public school systems in the United States, and the numbers are continuously rising due to the more than 1 million people who immigrant here each year (Davis-Lenski, Ehlers-Zavala, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, 2006). Many teachers find themselves in unknown territory when it comes to instructing and assessing ELLs (Davis-Lenski, Ehlers-Zavala, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, 2006). The passing of the No Child Left derriere Act (NCLB) furth... ...lready stated, and all of them also have different assessment approaches included in their articles too. After reading all of the information I must posit I think that all of the assessments, and the strategies and tools associa ted with the articles, are all borne out of research-based instructional, and assessment methods and therefore they are all relevant to working with ELLs per literacy (Davis-Lenski, Ehlers-Zavala, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, 2006 Dreher, & Letcher-Gray, 2009 Ebe, 2010). I dont think any one of the assessments profiled in the three articles I researched, is anything better than the other. However I also think that although all of the techniques discussed are good hearty research-based assessment tools one still has to understand that they will require applications which are well structured, and the most appropriate for that specific student.

Organization :: Free Essay Writer

OrganizationStructure The United States navy is an enormous placement spanning the entire globe. The chain of command c all in all overs everyone involved with the navy blue from the President of United States all the way down to the eighteen-year old just checking into his first command. There argon literally hundreds of different specialized jobs in the Navy all requiring different leadership styles and organization structures. Overall the entire United States Navy is based on a mechanistic organization with some variations end-to-end do to the wide variety of job fields. For instance my particular job field is one of the more technical fields in the Navy so we generally have some differences in organizational structure than that of the sailor painting the ship painted. I am currently working at the surpass Area Control and Surveillance Facility (FACSFAC) located at Naval Air Station Jacksonville. FACSFAC as a whole is a mechanistic organization divided into two de partments and several divisions providing basic functions ranging from things as complex as air traffic control to maintaining the cleanliness of the building. There is a Department Head over each department with several sectionalization Officers reporting directly to them. The Department Head in turn reports directly to the commanding officer on all matters related to their individual departments. The air traffic control division is further divided into three sections of controllers that report directly to the Radar Branch Chief who reports to the Division Officer. Professionally the sections are managed in a boundary- little, team-based structure although militarily they are still run as a mechanistic organization. In some of the less technical divisions there is only a mechanistic organization. Although the Navy does not have a formal organizational network, its use of informal organizational networks are critical to its success. Many eons during a military career the member will make friendships with other members in the same job field. As time goes on and the members transfer from one facility to another they are able to call on one another for solutions to problems they may come across. With the rise of the profits these networks are being used in situations that in the past would have been impossible. There are basically four major types of boundaries affecting businesses today, the authority boundary, parturiency boundary, political boundary and the identity boundary.

The Myths Created by Stories :: Personal Narrative Papers

The Myths Created by StoriesLife as it now exists on Earth, including the simplest bacteria, was plainly derived from a single origin (Mayr, 40). This idea of a single origin has been the instigating factor for the split and ongoing battle between the creationists and the evolutionists, between those who believe graven image created mankind, and those who believe in the pure science of evolution. It is as if believing in a single source will validate either one of the schools of aspect superiority will come when one side finally convinces the other side of their argument. I was raised Catholic. I do not remember cosmos told any sort of evolution story. Whether this was a purposeful exclusion or a matter of forgetfulness is to be determined. I learned that in seven long time God created the earth and made man. That was the story presented, and it seemed reasonable. As I grew up, it seemed more like the story of Santa Clause or the tooth fairy, something that was told to me, somet hing I took to heart, and was years later intercommunicate of its falsity, all as a matter of forcing me into a sense of maturity. Third graders could not believe in Santa Clause. I held onto the myth because it felt good, and I genuine presents, and no one can argue with the positive of receiving presents. Eventually, maturity replaces the myth, and we move forward. Forgetting the stories of our childhood, or at least revising them, leads us to a forward motion, to a more adult way of being. I suppose this is what happened with my religious beliefs. I am revising them to adapt to my newfound adult way of being. To believe without amply understanding is not to completely believe, and trying to understand evolution as it is presented is difficult with the implication that it may be just another myth I will later have to come to terms with and revise. The idea of understanding is an on-going process, as the story of evolution is also an on-going process. Stories are meant to be re vised. They are also meant to have a beginning, middle, and an end. The story of evolution conflicts with the concept of storytelling, of writing stories, yet it is still a story that has survived and will continue to survive. It appeals because it does not have an end.

The Myths Created by Stories :: Personal Narrative Papers

The Myths Created by StoriesLife as it now exists on Earth, including the simplest bacteria, was obviously derived from a single argumentation (Mayr, 40). This idea of a single origin has been the instigating factor for the split and ongoing battle between the creationists and the evolutionists, between those who believe God created mankind, and those who believe in the pure science of evolution. It is as if believing in a single source will validate either one of the schools of thought superiority will come when one side finally convinces the other(a) side of their argument. I was raised Catholic. I do not remember being told any sort of evolution story. Whether this was a purposeful exclusion or a matter of forgetfulness is to be determined. I learned that in seven days God created the earth and made man. That was the story presented, and it seemed reasonable. As I grew up, it seemed much like the story of Santa Clause or the tooth fairy, something that was told to me, something I took to heart, and was years later informed of its falsity, all as a matter of forcing me into a sense of maturity. trine graders could not believe in Santa Clause. I held onto the myth because it felt good, and I received presents, and no one can argue with the positive of receiving presents. Eventually, maturity replaces the myth, and we come to forward. Forgetting the stories of our childhood, or at least revising them, leads us to a forward motion, to a more adult way of being. I suppose this is what happened with my religious beliefs. I am revising them to adapt to my newfound adult way of being. To believe without fully sagaciousness is not to completely believe, and trying to understand evolution as it is presented is difficult with the implication that it may be just another myth I will later have to come to terms with and revise. The idea of understanding is an on-going process, as the story of evolution is also an on-going process. Stories are meant to be revised. Th ey are also meant to have a beginning, middle, and an end. The story of evolution conflicts with the concept of storytelling, of writing stories, to that extent it is still a story that has survived and will continue to survive. It appeals because it does not have an end.

Computer network Essay

Connects three office figurers and ane computer used for Point-of-Sale (POS) run at for each ane of your installs. You also necessitate six (6) computers in the hall/store where patrons substructure download harmony and you whoremaster run training classes for volume to specify ab proscribed using MP3 players and perk up separate basic information. The 2 offices consent to be subsumeed into one adhesive mesh, sharing POS services and other precise confederation information. You also remove to provide a spend out casual area for slew to pulley in and discuss music and connect wirelessly to the Internet (you might crimson offer free coffee tree to tempt people to come in to your store). Provides nice security for all of the fellowship communication theory and documents (especially sensitive sales documents). on the whole POS services must be protected. totally general net doorway should be segmented from the company POS services. dissolute and absor b additional capacity as the company growsProvides for centralized im mental pictureSupports the eventual(prenominal) addition of other stores to the meshworkProvides customers with a general information Website and a holdWebsite where clients can buy services, and productsProvides for moderate downtime (24 hour downtime maximum)Provides for centralized centering and attend of the computers in the two stores, so that you can maintain the vane from off-siteProvides for long-run terms effectivenessProvides a suite of software tools for the employees to in effect carry and a POS solution for the storesThe company does not have any equipment. Your envision should overwhelm a complete earnings and computer establishment that meets these requirements and approaching elaborateness plans. The two store locations depart (eventually) be within a five-mile wheel spoke of each other. The locations are within a suburban area that has trustworthy proficient infrastructures and related technology offerings. The stores bequeath take a sales system and print services for invoices. Complete your intent including costs for computing equipment, network infrastructure, network servers, printers, and related hardware, software, and accessories. Include as overmuch detail as practicable as well asapology as to your selections. Diagram and rationalize your corporal network and computer endeavor as well as the transparent network design (server installation, domain layout, etc.). As you are a petty(a) business, cost is a major means and should be minimized.Connects three office computers and one computer used for Point-of-Sale (POS) services at each of your stores. You also want six (6) computers in the lobby/store where patrons can download music and you can run training classes for people to learn about using MP3 players and get other basic information. The two offices have to be connected into one cohesive network, sharing POS services and other critic al company information. You also need to provide a hand out casual area for people to stop in and discuss music and connect wirelessly to the Internet (you might even offer free coffee to entice people to come in to your store). Provides adequate security for all of the company communications and documents (especially sensitive sales documents). All POS services must be protected. All general network access should be segmented from the company POS services.Fast and have additional capacity as the company growsProvides for centralized printingSupports the eventual addition of other stores to the networkProvides customers with a general information Website and a secureWebsite where clients can buy services, and productsProvides for limited downtime (24 hour downtime maximum)Provides for centralized management and control of the computers in the two stores, so that you can maintain the network from off-siteProvides for long-term cost effectivenessProvides a suite of software tools for the employees to effectively communicate and a POS solution for the storesThe company does not have any equipment. Your plan should include a complete network and computer system that meets these requirements and future expansion plans. The two store locations will (eventually) be within a five-mile radius of each other. The locations are within a suburban area that has current technological infrastructures and related technologyofferings. The stores will need a sales system and print services for invoices. Complete your proposal including costs for computing equipment, network infrastructure, network servers, printers, and related hardware, software, and accessories. Include as much detail as possible as well as justification as to your selections. Diagram and explain your physical network and computer design as well as the logical network design (server installation, domain layout, etc.). As you are a small business, cost is a major factor and should be minimized.Connects three o ffice computers and one computer used for Point-of-Sale (POS) services at each of your stores. You also want six (6) computers in the lobby/store where patrons can download music and you can run training classes for people to learn about using MP3 players and get other basic information. The two offices have to be connected into one cohesive network, sharing POS services and other critical company information. You also need to provide a hand out casual area for people to stop in and discuss music and connect wirelessly to the Internet (you might even offer free coffee to entice people to come in to your store). Provides adequate security for all of the company communications and documents (especially sensitive sales documents). All POS services must be protected. All general network access should be segmented from the company POS services.Fast and have additional capacity as the company growsProvides for centralized printingSupports the eventual addition of other stores to the netw orkProvides customers with a general information Website and a secure Website where clients can buy services, and productsProvides for limited downtime (24 hour downtime maximum)Provides for centralized management and control of the computers in the two stores, so that you can maintain the network from off-siteProvides for long-term cost effectivenessProvides a suite of software tools for the employees to effectively communicate and a POS solution for the storesThe company does not have any equipment. Your plan should include a completenetwork and computer system that meets these requirements and future expansion plans. The two store locations will (eventually) be within a five-mile radius of each other. The locations are within a suburban area that has current technological infrastructures and related technology offerings. The stores will need a sales system and print services for invoices.Complete your proposal including costs for computing equipment, network infrastructure, netwo rk servers, printers, and related hardware, software, and accessories. Include as much detail as possible as well as justification as to your selections. Diagram and explain your physical network and computer design as well as the logical network design (server installation, domain layout, etc.). As you are a small business, cost is a major factor and should be minimized.Connects three office computers and one computer used for Point-of-Sale (POS) services at each of your stores. You also want six (6) computers in the lobby/store where patrons can download music and you can run training classes for people to learn about using MP3 players and get other basic information. The two offices have to be connected into one cohesive network, sharing POS services and other critical company information. You also need to provide a hand out casual area for people to stop in and discuss music and connect wirelessly to the Internet (you might even offer free coffee to entice people to come in to y our store). Provides adequate security for all of the company communications and documents (especially sensitive sales documents). All POS services must be protected. All general network access should be segmented from the company POS services.Fast and have additional capacity as the company growsProvides for centralized printingSupports the eventual addition of other stores to the networkProvides customers with a general information Website and a secure Website where clients can buy services, and productsProvides for limited downtime (24 hour downtime maximum)Provides for centralized management and control of the computers in the two stores, so that you can maintain the network from off-siteProvides for long-term cost effectivenessProvides a suite of software tools for the employees to effectively communicate and a POS solution for the storesThe company does not have any equipment. Your plan should include a complete network and computer system that meets these requirements and fu ture expansion plans. The two store locations will (eventually) be within a five-mile radius of each other. The locations are within a suburban area that has current technological infrastructures and related technology offerings. The stores will need a sales system and print services for invoices. Complete your proposal including costs for computing equipment, network infrastructure, network servers, printers, and related hardware, software, and accessories. Include as much detail as possible as well as justification as to your selections. Diagram and explain your physical network and computer design as well as the logical network design (server installation, domain layout, etc.).As you are a small business, cost is a major factor and should be minimized. Connects three office computers and one computer used for Point-of-Sale (POS) services at each of your stores. You also want six (6) computers in the lobby/store where patrons can download music and you can run training classes for people to learn about using MP3 players and get other basic information. The two offices have to be connected into one cohesive network, sharing POS services and other critical company information. You also need to provide a hand out casual area for people to stop in and discuss music and connect wirelessly to the Internet (you might even offer free coffee to entice people to come in to your store). Provides adequate security for all of the company communications and documents (especially sensitive sales documents). All POS services must be protected. All general network access should be segmented from the company POS services.Fast and have additional capacity as the company growsProvides for centralized printingSupports the eventual addition of other stores to the networkProvides customers with a general information Website and a secure Website where clients can buy services, and productsProvides for limited downtime (24 hour downtime maximum)Provides forcentralized management an d control of the computers in the two stores, so that you can maintain the network from off-siteProvides for long-term cost effectivenessProvides a suite of software tools for the employees to effectively communicate and a POS solution for the storesThe company does not have any equipment. Your plan should include a complete network and computer system that meets these requirements and future expansion plans. The two store locations will (eventually) be within a five-mile radius of each other. The locations are within a suburban area that has current technological infrastructures and related technology offerings. The stores will need a sales system and print services for invoices. Complete your proposal including costs for computing equipment, network infrastructure, network servers, printers, and related hardware, software, and accessories. Include as much detail as possible as well as justification as to your selections. Diagram and explain your physical network and computer desig n as well as the logical network design (server installation, domain layout, etc.). As you are a small business, cost is a major factor and should be minimized.Connects three office computers and one computer used for Point-of-Sale (POS) services at each of your stores. You also want six (6) computers in the lobby/store where patrons can download music and you can run training classes for people to learn about using MP3 players and get other basic information. The two offices have to be connected into one cohesive network, sharing POS services and other critical company information.You also need to provide a hand out casual area for people to stop in and discuss music and connect wirelessly to the Internet (you might even offer free coffee to entice people to come in to your store). Provides adequate security for all of the company communications and documents (especially sensitive sales documents). All POS services must be protected. All general network access should be segmented from the company POS services.Fast and have additional capacity as the company growsProvides for centralized printingSupports the eventual addition of other stores to the networkProvides customers with a general information Website and a secure Website where clients can buy services, and productsProvides for limited downtime (24 hour downtime maximum)Provides for centralized management and control of the computers in the two stores, so that you can maintain the network from off-siteProvides for long-term cost effectivenessProvides a suite of software tools for the employees to effectively communicate and a POS solution for the storesThe company does not have any equipment. Your plan should include a complete network and computer system that meets these requirements and future expansion plans. The two store locations will (eventually) be within a five-mile radius of each other. The locations are within a suburban area that has current technological infrastructures and related technol ogy offerings. The stores will need a sales system and print services for invoices. Complete your proposal including costs for computing equipment, network infrastructure, network servers, printers, and related hardware, software, and accessories. Include as much detail as possible as well as justification as to your selections. Diagram and explain your physical network and computer design as well as the logical network design (server installation, domain layout, etc.). As you are a small business, cost is a major factor and should be minimized.Connects three office computers and one computer used for Point-of-Sale (POS) services at each of your stores. You also want six (6) computers in the lobby/store where patrons can download music and you can run training classes for people to learn about using MP3 players and get other basic information. The two offices have to be connected into one cohesive network, sharing POS services and other critical company information. You also need to provide a hand out casual area for people to stop in and discuss music and connect wirelessly to the Internet (you might even offer free coffee to entice people to come in to your store). Provides adequate security for all of the company communications and documents (especially sensitive sales documents). All POS services must be protected. All general network accessshould be segmented from the company POS services.Fast and have additional capacity as the company growsProvides for centralized printingSupports the eventual addition of other stores to the networkProvides customers with a general information Website and a secure Website where clients can buy services, and productsProvides for limited downtime (24 hour downtime maximum)Provides for centralized management and control of the computers in the two stores, so that you can maintain the network from off-siteProvides for long-term cost effectivenessProvides a suite of software tools for the employees to effectively communicat e and a POS solution for the storesThe company does not have any equipment. Your plan should include a complete network and computer system that meets these requirements and future expansion plans. The two store locations will (eventually) be within a five-mile radius of each other. The locations are within a suburban area that has current technological infrastructures and related technology offerings. The stores will need a sales system and print services for invoices. Complete your proposal including costs for computing equipment, network infrastructure, network servers, printers, and related hardware, software, and accessories. Include as much detail as possible as well as justification as to your selections. Diagram and explain your physical network and computer design as well as the logical network design (server installation, domain layout, etc.). As you are a small business, cost is a major factor and should be minimized.

Middle-Class Homelessness in America Essay

Can you imagine yourself standing in line in hope for a cribbage at a shelter to sh atomic number 18 with your family, or waiting for a warm meal in a soup kitchen? This is what many conservative American citizens hand succumbed to. Has the American dream been lost, has the middle-class lost its position in the American economy, and has the inequality of income cause the demise of the middle-class?By focusing on the health care reform and record low unemployment rate we overlook the underlying problem the dwindling middle-class, the backbone of our country. Many studies have been conducted to define middle-class without much success. It has been attempted to relate it to annual income. One study states that yearly incomes between $32,900 and $64,000, another between $50,800 and $122,000, and the U. S. census bureau middle 60% of incomes is the largest come in of all lies between$ 20600, and $102,000 as what defines middle-class.Dan Horn notes in the Cincinnati Enquirer Psychologi st Ken Eisold, a contributor to Psychology today, said, though, that the way people describe their social billet has more to do with whats going on in their heads than their wallets. Eisold goes on to say that its really more about identity. Horn adds that Julie Heath, managing director of the University of Cincinnatis sparings Center agrees with Eisold that saying, Were a middle-class family has more than a financial connotations to it, it has a salt-of the earth to it. Thats the bed rocknroll. Essentially this shows that Americans do not base their social status on their income alone, but also on their personal accomplishments and views of where they have come from and where they are going. That being said, the bed rock of the middle-class comes from one of the most common descriptions what living in America is all about the great American Dream. History tells us that this emotion machine-accessible with being middle-class started showing up in the 1830s. In these times peop le came to America hoping for the best, and they clung to ideas of how they would make it.They believed that if those ideas and values were kept, that they were middle-class, even if they were not financially. This is how the idea of the relegate it to Beaver life style came into being. In the 1950s men took w fall upone collar jobs while women stayed home and maintained their house and families. They bought homes in the suburbs, nice family cars, and do safe investments. This provided them a sense of stability and many believed this is what the American dream is all about. Today, in pursuit of the dream, to maintain their middle-class status many Americans have higher incomes than their parents did but both parents are working.Yet while doing the best that they that they can possibly do, many are watching their dreams shatter. Erin Currier, director of the Pew Economic Mobility Project, said stability is one of the biggest panics to the middle class today. She goes on to say, T hough born into middle-class, many fall out by adulthood. This is cod to inflation of introductory needs such as health care, day care, college funding, and the rise of the inequality of income. One term often referred to when relating to the middle-class crisis is Income Gap. As defined on the meshwork by investapedia. om, the income gap is the unequal distribution of household and individual income across the various participants in an economy.A sociology and political science professor at the University of genus Arizona who studies income inequality and poverty, says that over the past three decades is slow income offshoot compared to general economic growth a bigger and bigger portion of economic growth has occurred to the wealthiest 1 %, whether the measure is basic wages or total compensation, says Lane Kenworthy. (CQ researcher 3) There is political risk involved with this set up that is greater than political economy and family finances. A large middle class, especiall y one that is politically active, tends to be a kind of anchor that keeps our country from swinging back and forth. There are typical values that middle-class families acquire and pass on to their children and those values tend to be good for democracy, states Teresa Sullivan, provost and executive vice president for academic affairs at the University of Michigan, and the co-author of The Fragile Middle Class Americans in Debt. (CQ Researcher 2) The new millennium looked very hopeful for the war on poverty in America.The federal poverty rate was the lowest it had been since 1974 according to CQ Researcher. The next 4 years even better with Housing prices doubling in many cities and addition in home equity loans that brought the Home-ownership rate up to an all time high of 69 percent. In 2008 we would not only see the sand shift out from the false growth of the economy led by the banks and lending companies but our government bail the banks out with $700 billion rescue bill, They d id not however bail out the borrower and many lost their homes. Leading to the current middle class crisis.These issues, the rise of the inequality of income and the shattering of the American dream, have led us to the downfall of the middle class. In more recent years the middle-class are finding themselves not only having a decrease in their income due to layoffs and downsizing, but while not able to maintain their dream are losing their homes due to foreclosures. They are now finding themselves sleeping in their cars, if fortunate to heretofore have one. They are waiting in lines for food and shelter, and bathing in gas station rest rooms, standing on street corners and highway blow overs begging for money or work.I have a personal interest in this research because I consider myself a middleclass American who lived through these years of the housing crisis and recession, I have lost a business, I am dealing with the short sale of my home and a threat of foreclosure, I have suf fered through divorce and currently I am a struggling single mother. In conclusion the decline of the middle-class has hit very close to home. Although the hope of the American dream dies a slow death in my own heart, because of the continual economic status and burden of the embody of living rising, many like me are losing hope.

Methodology is about the creation of knowledge Essay

Methodology is about the creation of knowledge, and modes are the guiding principles for the creation of knowledge (Arbnor & Bjerke, 1997). A methodology is chosen based upon philosophical presumptions, such as background hypotheses, normative theories, conceptions, and ikons. A methodology is chosen based upon how an interaction between presumptions and technical possibilities define and shape the problem. To choose a methodology in that location should be an identifiable relationship between the methodological approach and the area to be studied, bridged by an operative paradigm. Methodology is an understanding of how methods are constructed and how an operative paradigm is developed.The operative paradigm consists of the methodical procedure and methodics. A methodical procedure is the specific use of a given technique for question in a methodological approach. As such, a technique becomes a method through the application of an explicit methodical procedure. Methodics is the w ay interrogationers relate techniques and methods into a study project and the conduct of the study. While there are a variety of methodological approaches and procedures, there are three common research methodologies to guide primary researchers in the creation of knowledge.Quantitative research is the traditional research design, and it is considered to be scientific research due to its use of numbers as quantitative data (Robson, 2002). This method relies heavily on experiments and surveys which give it the label of a fixed research design. There is no variation from the administration of data gathering instruments. It may be easier to establish validity, reliability, objectivity, generalizability, and trustworthiness with quantitative research designs. Quantitative research may be characterized by experiments and measures. Comprehensive Examination for Aric W HallQuantitative research attempts to precisely measure something, such as consumer behavior, attitudes, or knowledge ( Cooper & Schindler, 2006). Quantitative research attempts to design, explain, and predict. The methodology may answer questions such as how much, how many, how often, when, and who. The survey is the overabundant instrument of quantitative research. There is low researcher involvement, thus reducing the likelihood of researcher bias. QualitativeEarly interest in qualitative research stemmed from the inadequacies of quantitative research to solve problems in the social sciences (Morgan & Smircich, 1980). Quantitative research is appropriate for the natural sciences, where reality is concrete, mathematical, and objective. However, it fails to address the often subjective, imaginative, values-based, and unpredictable gentle elements that social scientists study. Humans are social actors, made by their environmental and social context. Human reality is found within a context that is anything exclusively natural science.Qualitative research is a more contemporary research design, and it has historically been considered unscientific

Waste Disposal

1. Advantages and disadvantages of landfill sites.Using Orgreave as a landfill site is a cheap photocopy disposal option for the local council.The site will look undeserving whilst it is be used for landfill.Jobs will be created for local people.Dangerous gases are given out from landfill sites that cause local air pollution and contribute to spheric warming.Lots of different types of tout can be disposed of by landfill in comparison to other waste disposal methods.Local streams could become polluted with toxins seeping through the ground from the landfill site.The site could be re-landscaped and built on once it has been change. This has happened nearby in Handsworth.Once the site has been filled it might non be able to be used for redevelopment as it might be too polluted.The gases given off by the landfill site could be dispassionate and used for heating.The jobs created in the local area are likely to be low paid jobs.Waste transport costs will be reduced, as our waste will only have to travel a short distance to landfill. This will also reduce the amount of pollution caused by transporting the rubbish.The trucks delivering the waste to the site are very big and noisy. They will spoil the peace and quiet in the area and could also contribute to traffic congestion (traffic jams) in the local area.Local rubbish will be dealt with locally instead of shifting the problem to another area or country e.g. China.The gases given off from the site as the waste begins to decompose (break down) will cause the air in the local area to be smelly.2. Problems of waste disposal* Waste is being dumped in the wrong culverts the black and green culverts both have a mixture of food, metal, glass and plastic.* Animals (e.g. marabou storks and mongooses) get into the culverts and extract food and food begrime burnable waste.* There is no separate place for disposal of non-burnable waste (metal and glass) this is currently mixed with food and burnable waste.* Some culv erts are full and waste is spilling out.These problems result in a highly unsightly, unhealthy environment for visitors, residents, and wildlife3. How is waste disposal being improved for the future?* Sustainable installation and upgrading of waste charge facilities* Extending sewage networks* Set up agency to monitor waste* Classification now classified into inert, non inert non hazardous and hazardous* The need for a landfill lining and geological barrier on the base and sides of all non inert non hazardous and hazardous landfill sites* The requirement that all waste is pre-treated before being land filled* The requirement to have Waste Acceptance Criteria (WAC) for all land filled waste* The banning of liquid, explosive, corrosive, oxidising flammable and clinical wastes* A requirement for a 60-year aftercare proviso

1. Discuss Dr. Faustus as a tragedy Essay

AnsUnderstanding of Christopher Marlowes Elizabethan tragedy, Dr. Faustus, tail end be framed in terms of the Renaissance philosophy and the Elizabethan tragedy, which takes a different turn on some points from the Aristotelian tragedy, for instance such as the Elizabethan tragedys requisite death of the sad hero. Dr. Faustus demonstr consumes the Renaissance philosophy that pits the dichotomy of good, angelic humanity against evil, depraved humanity. Marlowes ladder overly is a model of the Elizabethan tragedy.Marlowe constructed the character of Dr. Faustus to represent within himself both characteristics of the Renaissance view of humanity as divinely good and hellishly evil. First, Dr. Faustus is presented as a scholar of all things including divinity, the highest Renaissance scholarly discipline. Then, Faustus is shown as dissatisfied with the limitations of humanity and grasping for unlimited knowledge, which is a Biblical allusion to Adam and Eve who ate of the Tree of Kno wledge. Throughout the play, Faustus descends to lower and lower planes of knowledge in his pursuit for the power and omnipotence that comes from knowledge. At the beginning, Mephistopheles answers all Faustus questions but draws the line on talk of the universe, which can be seen to stand for astronomical and cosmological studiesthe very studies that science is deeply involved in todayCERN Hubble SoHo etc). Faustus must be content with merely map the universe instead of understanding it. Marlowe ultimately shows in Dr. Faustus the futility of the quest for ultimate knowledge and the inevitable end result of abandoning moral integrity for omnipotent knowledge.Dr. Faustus also represents a Classic Elizabethan tragedy. First, the tragic hero has a flaw or makes an error in judgment that leads to his own doom. Its hard to study whether Faustus had a fatal flaw in his character or whether he was doomed by a faulty understanding that lead to a fatally disastrous error in judgment. All on the way, Faustus has doubts and hesitations which speak for an integrity of his moral character. If he has a fatal flaw, it might be that he did non reckon the power of evil highly enough, that he thought that with omnipotent knowledge, he could free himself from the chains of evil he wrapped so happily around himself. Adam and Eve also fell to the punishment from the lure of knowledge.Of course, quite often Faustus fatal flaw is said to be greed and smart disregard for goodness. One clue to forming a literary stance on the question lies in examining his hesitations and second thoughts. In addition to this, the questions addressed in Marlowes play are nobel universal questions pertaining to the highest order of considerations the meaning of life and death, the quest for knowledge, the respective power of of good and evil. In further accord with elizabethan tragedy, the play Dr. Faustus employs comedic relief through the presence of clowns that also acts as a means of giving i nformation about the characters and the action of the play. The clowns in Dr. Faustus are Rafe and Robin. In Elizabethan tragedy, the clowns (rural, country simpletons who misuse language accidentally) and fools (urban dwellers who play with language and misuse it intentionally for wit) generally replace the Greek Chorus that carried the task of moving the story along with information not performed on stage, but in Dr. Faustus, Marlowe employs both the Greek-style Chorus and Elizabethan clowns.Finally, in keeping with Elizabethan tragic form, Faustus gets himself in so deep, his tragic flaw or error in judgement is so aggregious that it leads ultimately and necessarily to his death, thus fulfilling the fate of an Elizabethan tragic hero. Since Faustus has overestimated what he can constitute from an arrangement with Lucifer and since he underestimated the power of Lucifers evil, his ultimate end must be and is death even though he recognizes his mistakes and pleads for pardon.

Explore and compare the characters, achievements and deaths of Lennie Small Essay

In this essay I will explore and comp atomic number 18 the book of factss, achievements and endings of Lennie Sm tout ensemble, from John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men and Bill Sikes from, Charles deuce Oliver Twist.I commence read twain novels and enjoyed them immensely because of the wonderful characters, language and techniques used by the authors especially when describing the worlds they conjured within their novels. These cardinal books in some(prenominal) case express perfectly the pioneering views of Dickens and Stienbeck they both used their writings in an attempt to make their socialist views subtly heard by the masses. In the eras of Dickens and also Steinbeck, problems such as, racism, sexism, pauperisation and the class divide were simply accepted by society. These two authors saw the problems of their social structures, the discriminative attitudes of the people and wanted to make the public aware, being greatly frowned upon by some. Dickens and Steinbeck were sol diers of the same struggle and that is where the similarities between Of Mice and Men and Oliver Twist begin.Most of the characters in both novels represent the poverty that plagued both countries at the meter the books were set, especially George and Lennie in Of Mice and Men the epitome of poverty in the USA. Their lives are an endless trek around California constantly looking for work, scratching a buck or two a day from the back breaking work they do on the ranches. The poverty Oliver lives in (and that Dickens also experienced as a youth) is just the same, with a different back drop, which is why these novels relate so well to each other. Where these two stories really raise a lot of similarities, just at the same time a lot of paradoxes, are definitely the performance medical prognosiss and the deaths of the killers themselves. The characters and situations appear to be very alike, but once you read deeper you burn see the differences that sneak through.Lennie Small is a very big, powerful, strong man Steinbeck describes him as a bull. Sikes is also a large burley fellow, but where Sikes is pure evil, Lennie is childish, innocent and inhibited, a man who totally relies on someone else to guide him, like a dog and master their personalities are almost an antithesis. They are like this to bring out certain emotions in the reader to make us feel, execration towards Sikes (and ultimately gladness when he dies), but sympathy, sock and sympathetic humour for Lennie.Their victims, on the other hand, are almost identical Nancy is a prostitute and, in a way, so is Curleys wife she exhibits her body to Curley in exchange for marriage and money. We bind to feel olive-drab for Curleys wife when she when she confesses her faults to Lennie in the barn and the unfortunate way she has been mistreated and abused in the past. The melancholy thing is she is so nave that she doesnt realise. She confesses that she doesnt love or even like CurleyI don like Cu rley. He aint a nice fella is exactly what she says to Lennie, something she has never told eachone. Nancy also repents before she dies and pleas with Bill to do so too let us both move on this dreadful vagabond, and far apart lead better lives It is never too late to repent. She even breathes a short prayer of mercy before she dies. In actual fact the whole reason Sikes kills Nancy is because she has been trying to do the lawful, honest thing and try to work her way out of this life of crime and sin she has lived in for so many years. We feel a lot more sympathy for Nancy when she dies because of this and for other reasons. To start with she is killed by a man contained with pure malice, hatred and evil, who is supposed to be her lover. Contrastingly Curleys wifes death is a complete accident or if anything, her fault. Also Dickens writes Nancys murder scene so graphically and violently it is almost impossible not to feel sorry for this woman Beat it twice upon her upturned fac e. She must have died in agony and terror when Sikes killed her in cold, merciless blood. Nancy had to wait for her death in absolute terror for a minute or so, knowing she would be violently murdered, which must have seemed like an age, she even gets down on her knees and begs for mercy before she is savagely and callously slain. On the other hand Curleys wife dies quickly and painlessly. There is a simple reason why this is.Dickens wants us to feel nothing, but pure, unadulterated hatred for Sikes when he kills Nancy, so when Sikes finally dies we feel justice is done. This is slightly because of Dickens audience, the Victorian public, being so religious and believing themselves to be so good hearted, would have demanded the death of Sikes and enjoyed the novel more without Sikes shadow hanging over the proceedings. Dickens being the man he was gives the people what they want.I prefer the way Steinbeck handles his murder scene purely because I think it is extremely clever. Steinbe cks characterisation of these two characters has been leading up to this moment and it comes together perfectly. He intends us to feel sorry for Curleys wife, but no hatred of any kind towards Lennie. Even though we have just heard of all the false promises she has been made in her life along with her failed ambitions, her belief they could still come true, all the times she has been sexually abused and the fact that she is still oblivious to all of this, we still can strongly empathise with Lennie.He is as innocent as the day he was born, a child trapped in a mans body. Lennie doesnt have a scratch of malice in him and we could never feel anger toward a character we have come to love. After reading this scene I actually found myself almost as sorry and sympathetic towards Lennie as Curleys wife, but not only Lennie, Candy and George too because I knew that any hopes of their long awaited dream had now been shattered.Finally in the two murder scenes to makes us feel complete hatred for Sikes and sympathy for Lennie the two authors both use similar metaphors to give the final impression that the two confessed and repented women are forgiven. With Nancy she is released from this world in the form of one of her hairs being cremated above the glowing embers and symbolically having her soul rise to Heaven.The scene after Curleys wife is killed is heavenly enough, with the soft light of the mid-afternoon sun penetrating between the planks of the barn and the golden cover almost ceremoniously spread across the fallen maidens body, utter peace. A single dove, the messenger of God, flies in through the open barn penetration circles, almost giving the site its blessing, and exits with Curleys wifes soul on a journey to the heavens.Now I will move on to Lennie and Sikes deaths. In product line to Nancy, when Sikes dies he falls straight to hell. His death is showered in chaos and fear twice that of what Nancy felt. It is a chase through the lowest and darkest place of London. A mad crowd of smoldering people screaming for Sikes blood, holding torches aloft like a crazed lynch mob. This hue and cry of gentlemen, policemen, thieves and citizens of all kind all share a hatred and loathing of Sikes and what he has done. The way Dickens describes this scene is superb. When reading I could hear the shouts and screams of the crowd, feel the agitate of the torches and feel Sikes fright a waving crowd in the outer darkness like a field of corn moved by an angry storm is probably one of the best pieces of description he uses and it really does make you feel the sense of chaos and vengeance that spurs on this hue and cry.The satisfaction that it gives the reader when Sikes accidentally kills himself is enormous. In his efforts to escape he ties a rope around his waist and falls 40 feet as it moves to his neck and hangs him. Sikes dies in more agony than anyone else in either novel not from pain, but fear. In the time he falls, his body experiences sensor y overload a panic and fear so great it is enough to kill a man on its own.He falls towards the crowd of flames and symbolically hell, the complete antithesis of the deaths of Nancy and Curleys wife. Hanging would also have greatly contented the puritan population of Victorian England as hanging was the accepted capital punishment of the period, perfect for Sikes. To eradicate completely any emotion for Sikes his loyal dog also jumps for his master, smashing its head on the ground below. Any empathy we may have is transferred to Bullseye. This is probably the most dramatic of the entire novel.If one scene in Of Mice and Men could match the pure drama and latent hostility of Sikes death it would have to be the final chapter Lennies death. The build up of tension in the scene is literal genius. When George produced Carlsons Lugar I was on the edge of my seat right up until the end of the novel. Sikes death had to be quick to give a real sense for the excitement of the chase. Lennies death had to be draw out and milked for all it is worth, not solely for tension, but to give a character we have become so familiar with and very fond of, a memorable and proper send off. Thanks to Georges skill with words and his love for him, Lennie could not be more content when he dies.The last thing I wanted was for Lennie to die, but it is inevitable. I found myself sating dont do it George, but it is much better that he dies like this than face the men from the ranch. He must die he cannot go on being excruciate by what he has done. Lennies death shares some similarities to Curleys wifes they both die quickly and painlessly and like Curleys wife his soul is take to heaven. The gunshot rolling up the heavenly hills of Salinas makes you feel that Lennie has been released.To summarise, these to classic novels have many things in common, but also sharply contrast each other. Its this that makes comparing the two so fascinating, as you new things they share and interesting diffe rences every time you read them. It seems strange, but pleasing that two such comparable novels could come from different centuries, different, different countries, but share the same messages and morals.

Accounting as an Information System, Hasstrengths and Weaknesses

The Disadvantages of Accounting training Systems 1. An accounting selective learning system is designed for businesses to use for recording their financial transactions. Information is entered, processed, stored and distributed through this type of system. Accounting schooling systems have many benefits however, there ar also some disadvantages to them. Learning the System 2. Learning an accounting breeding system can often be difficult and time-consuming. Individuals essential be trained on a system, and this can cause a disadvantage to companies in terms of time and manpower.An accounting information system is made up of many different components, and almost all systems are calculating machineized. Because of their complexity, some people whitethorn find them hard to use. It can take weeks or months for a person to understand an accounting system, and usually the individual still does not understand exclusively what the system is capable of. If the employee quits working a t the organization, it can take weeks or months, once again, to train another employee. Loss of Information 3.Accounting information systems are usually computerized. Because of this, there is always a risk of losing information through power outages or system crashes. When this happens, there is a chance that all the information in the system could be lost. Companies take precautions for this problem by backing up their files regularly and performing standard maintenance on all computer systems. They also install anti-virus software as another precaution. Still, none of these steps eliminates the potential problem that may occur.Accounting information systems store a companys financial information for years. If a system crash occurs, it causes a major disadvantage to the company. All, or some, information is lost, and theres a chance it may never be recovered. Re-evaluation 4. Companies often turn their way of doing business to keep up with the latest trends. To keep up in a deman ding business world, these changes may impact an accounting system. An accounting information system is difficult to set up because every company is unique in its own way.In order to keep up with changes, accounting information systems must be re-evaluated often. Changes often need to be made in a system in order to process information efficiently. This can be a disadvantage to companies because it takes time for the re-evaluation, and it costs moneyRead more The Disadvantages of Accounting Information Systems eHow. com http//www. ehow. com/list_6767205_disadvantages-accounting-information-systems. htmlixzz17DVgqkpH By Jennifer VanBaren, eHow Contributor updated July 24, 2010

The Indigo Spell Chapter Thirteen

WADE TOLD ME EVERYTHING he knew. It was alto brookher usageful, simply I didnt k at unitary time if it would be enough. First, I had to get to St. Louis . . . and that was red ink to be tricky. I gear up myself for the ph oneness calls Id establish to enlighten, hoping I had enough Alchemist wiles to pull them turned.Before I took on that task, I good wanted the normality and comfort of my bear room. Eddie and I drove pole to Amberwood, analyzing e very detail of our meeting. He was chomping at the bit to make progress, and I promised Id keep him in the loop.I had bonny r separatelyed my brink when my phone rang. It was Ms. Ter departiger. I s contact in, nearlytimes I thought she had a sensor stunned(p)side my room so that shed know the instant I re saturnine.Miss Melbourne, she express. We exact to meet.My heart s turn overped. There hasnt been a nonher victim, has at that place? You tell we keep back time.We do, she replied. Which is why we need to meet soon er rather than later. Reading up on spells is one thing, simply you require some(a) extends-on practice. I refuse to let Veronica get to you.Her wrangling triggered a mix of emotions. Naturally, I had my knee-jerk reaction against practicing magic. It was quickly squashed by the realization that Ms. Terwilliger autoed rough me and was so c formerlyrned intimately keeping me safe. My own individualal desire to non be in a coma was also a ardent motivator.When do you want to meet, maam? I asked.Tomorrow dayspring.I realized tomorrow was Saturday. Already? Where had the week gone? I was driving Adrian to hen-peck up his car in the morning, which hopefully wouldnt take a coarse time. Could we meet at noon? Ive got an errand to run.I approximate so, said Ms. Terwilliger, with some reluctance. Meet me at my place, and then well go come to the fore to solitary Rock Park.I was about to lie back on my bed and froze. Why do we have to go out to the middle of the desert? Lone R ock Park was remote and rarely saw numerous tourists. I hadnt forgotten how terrifying it was the last time shed brought me out into the wilderness. At least this time wed be in daylight.Well, we ordure hardly practice on school grounds, she pointed outTrue. . . .Bring your book, and the components youve been lastings on.We disconnected, and I jotted out a quick text to Adrian Need to be fast tomorrow. Meeting Ms. T at 12. His receipt wasnt entirely un pass judgment Why? Adrian naturally needed to know everything that was going on in my life. I texted back that Ms. Terwilliger wanted to work on magical protection. This time, he did surprise me Can I wait? Wanna know how shes protecting you.Wow, Adrian actually asked? He had a history of simply inviting himself along on outings. I hesitated, still confused aft(prenominal) our heated moment at the sorority. Hed never mentioned it again, though, and his c at a timern now stirred me. I texted back that he could come along and wa s rewarded with a smiley facet.I didnt entirely know what to wear to magical training, so I opted for comfort suitable layers the adjoining morning. Adrian gave me a once-over when he got into Latte. Casual mode, huh? Havent seen that since the Wolfe days.I dont know what she has in head word, I explained, doing a U-turn on his street. Figured this was take up.You could have worn your AYE shirt.Wouldnt want to get it dirty, I said, grinning.That was partially true. I still thought the fiery heart hed multi-colour was exquisite. But each time I looked at the shirt, too numerous memories seized me. What had I been cerebration? That was a question Id asked myself a hundred times, and every answer I came up with sounded fake. My preferred theory was that Id simply been caught up in how serious Adrian had been about his art, how the emotion and expendion had seized hold of him. Girls worryd artists retri only whenory as a good deal as unsuitable boys, right? til now now, som ething stirred in my chest when I thought about the rapturous look on his face. I loved that he possessed something so powerful in him.But, as I told myself constantly, that was no excuse for climbing all over him and letting him kiss me on my neck. Id bought and plentyloaded the bad boy book online, save it had been completely useless in advising me. I finally decided the best way if not the healthiest one was to act equal the moment had never happened. That didnt mean I forgot it. In concomitant, as I sat beside him in the car, I had a difficult time not hypothesizeing about how it had felt to be pressed up against him. Or how his fingers had felt entangled in my h aura. Or how his lips had Sydney Stop. Think of something else. Conjugate Latin verbs. Recite the periodic table.None of those did any good. To Adrians credit, he continued to refuse any commentary about that night. Finally, I found distraction in placeing him about my depend on to San Bernardino. Rehashing the conspiracy, rebel groups, and break-ins pretty much killed any passionate emotional states I still had. Adrian didnt desire the idea of Alchemists working with Warriors or of the tattoo controlling me. But he also didnt care me walking into danger. I attempt to downplay the near impossibility of breaking into the St. Louis facility, only he clearly didnt weigh me.Ms. Terwilliger texted me twice not to be late to our meeting. I kept an eye on my watch, entirely the care of a Mustang was not something I took lightly, and I had to take my time at the mechanics shop to make sure the Mustang was in primeval condition. Adrian had wanted to go with basic tires, but Id urged him to upgrade, convincing him the extra cost would be worth it. And once I inspected them, I congratulated myself on the choice. Only after I was satisfied the car hadnt been unnecessarily scratched did I finally allow him to pay. We drove both cars back to Vista Azul, and I was pleased to see my measure wa s perfect. We werent late, but Ms. Terwilliger was waiting on her porch for us.We designated Adrian as our carpool driver. Jeez, I said when she hurriedly got in the car. Do you have somewhere to be after this?The smile she gave me was strained, and I couldnt help but notice how pale she looked. No, but we do have a schedule to follow. I cast a large spell this morning that wont last forever. The countdown is on.She wouldnt say any more until we feeded the park, and that silence unnerved me. It gave me the opportunity to imagine all sorts of stir outcomes. And although I trusted her, I suddenly felt relieved that Adrian was along as a chaperone.Although it wasnt the busiest place, Lone Rock Park still had the occasional hiker. Ms. Terwilliger who was actually in hiking boots set off across the gravelly terrain, searching for a suitably remote space to do whatever it was she had in mind. A few stratified rock formations dotted the landscape, but I couldnt really appreciate their beauty. Mostly I was conscious(predicate) that we were out here when the sun was at its fiercest. Even if it was nigh winter, wed still be feeling the heat.I glanced over at Adrian as we walked and found him already looking at me. From his jacket pocket, he produced a bottle of sunscreen. I knew youd ask. Im to the highest degree as prepared as you are.Nearly, I said. Hed done it again, anticipating my thoughts. For half a heartbeat, I pretended it was on the dot the two of us out on a pleasant good afternoon hike. It seemed like most of the time we spent together was on some urgent mission. How nice would it be to just hang out without the weight of the world on us? Ms. Terwilliger soon brought us back to our grim reality.This should do, she said, surveying the land around her. She had managed to mark one of the most desolate areas in the park. I wouldnt have been surprised to see vultures circling overhead. Did you bring what I asked for?Yes, maam. I knelt on the ground and rifled with my bag. In it was the spell book, along with some herbal and liquid compounds Id mixed up at her request. squander out the shootball patternling, she instructed.Adrians eyes went wide. Did you just say fireball? Thats badass.You see fire all the time, I reminded him. From Moroi who empennage wield it.Yeah, but Ive never seen a human do anything like that. Ive never seen you do anything like that.I wished he didnt look so awestruck because it kind of drove home the severity of what we were about to attempt. I wouldve felt better if hed treated it like it was no big deal. But this spell? Yeah, it was kind of a big deal.Id once performed some other spell that involved throwing a painstakingly made amulet and reciting words that made it burst into flashs. That one had a huge physical component, however. This spell was another of those cordial ones and essentially involved summoning fire out of thin air.The kindling Ms. Terwilliger had referred to was a small bowed s tringed instrument bag filled with ashes made from burnt yew bark. She took the bag from me and examined its contents, murmuring in approval. Yes, yes. Very nice. Excellent consistency. You ruin it for exactly the right amount of time. She handed the bag back. Now, eventually you wont need this. Thats what makes this spell so powerful. It jackpot be performed very quickly, with very micro preparation. But you have to practice eldest out front you can reach that point.I nodded along and tried to stay in student mode. So far, what she was saying was uniform to what the book had described. If I thought of all this as a classroom exercise, it was much less daunting. non really scary at all.Ms. Terwilliger tilted her head and looked past me. Adrian? You might want to keep your distance. A considerable distance.Okay. Maybe a little scary.He obeyed and sanction up. Ms. Terwilliger apparently had no much(prenominal) dread for herself because she stayed all a few feet outside from me. Now then, she said. Apply the ashes, and hold out your hand.I reached into the bag, jot the ashes with my thumb and forefinger. Then I lightly rubbed all my fingers together until my whole palm had a comely gray coating on it. I set the bag down and then held out my hand in front of me, palm up. I knew what came next but waited for her instruction.Summon your magic to call the flame back from the ashes. No incantation, just your will.Magic surged within me. Calling an element from the world reminded me a little of what the Moroi did, which felt strange. My attempt started off as a red glimmer, hovering in the air above my palm. Slowly, it grew and grew until it was about the size of a tennis ball. The high of magic filled me. I held my breath, scarcely able to hope what I had just done. The red flames writhed and swirled, and although I could feel their heat, they didnt burn me.Ms. Terwilliger gave a grunt that seemed to be equal parts amusement and surprise. Remarkable. I fo rget sometimes what a natural you really are. Its wholly red, but something tells me, it wont take long before you can produce blue ones without the ashes. Calling elements out of the air is easier than trying to transform one substance into another.I stared at the fireball, entranced, but soon found myself acquiring tired. The flames flickered, shrank, and then faded away altogether.The sooner you get rid of it, the better, she told me. Youll just use up your own energy trying to sustain it. Best to throw it at your adversary and quickly summon another. depict again, and this time, throw it.I called the fire once more and felt a small bit of contentment at visual perception it take on more of an orange hue. Id learned in my very first childhood chemistry lessons that the lighter a flame was, the hotter it burned. Getting to blue anytime soon still seemed like a long shot.And speaking of long shots . . . I threw the fireball.Or, well, I tried. My control of it faltered when I at tempted to send out it off toward a bare patch of ground. The fireball splintered apart, the flames disappearing into smoke that was carried off by the wind.Its hard, I said, knowing how lame that sounded. Trying to hold it and throw it is just like an ordinary physical thing. I have to do that while still controlling the magic.Exactly. Ms. Terwilliger seemed very pleased. And thats where the practice comes in.Fortunately, it didnt take too many attempts before I figured out how to make it all work together. Adrian cheered me on when I successfully managed to throw my first fireball, resulting in a beautiful shot that perfectly hit the rock Id been aiming for. I flashed Ms. Terwilliger a triumphant look and waited for the next spell wed be moving on to. To my surprise, she didnt seem nearly as impressed as I evaluate her to be.Do it again, she said.But Ive got it down, I protested. We should try something else. I was reading the other part of the book You have no business doing t hat yet, she scolded. You think this is exhausting? Youd pass out attempting one of the more advanced spells. Now. She pointed at the hard desert floor. Again.I wanted to tell her that it was impossible for me not to read in advance in a book. It was just how I operated with all my classes. Something told me now was not the best time to bring that up.She made me practice the throw over and over. Once she was convert I had it down, she had me work on increasing the fires heat. I finally managed to get up to yellow but could go no farther. Then I had to work on casting the spell without the ashes. Once I reached that milestone, it was back to practicing the throws. She picked various targets for me, and I hit them all effortlessly.Just like Skee-Ball, I muttered. Easy and boring.Yes, Ms. Terwilliger agreed. Its weak impinging inanimate objects. But moving targets? Living targets? Not quite so easy. So, lets move on to that, shall we?The fireball Id been holding above my hand vanis hed as shock shattered my control. What do you mean? If she expected me to start aiming at birds or rodents, she was in for a rude awakening. There was no way I was going to incinerate something alive. What am I supposed to hit?Ms. Terwilliger pushed her glasses up her nose and backed up several feet. Me.I waited for the punch line or at least some but explanation, but none came. I glanced behind me at Adrian, hoping perhaps he might shed some light on this, but he looked as astounded as I felt. I turned back to the singed ground where my earlier fireballs had struck.Ms. Terwilliger, you cant ask me to hit you.Her lips twitched into a small half smile. I differentiate you, I can. Go ahead, you cant hurt me.I had to think a few moments for how to phrase my next response. Im a pretty good shot, maam. I can hit you.This earned an outright laugh. Hit, yes. Hurt, no. Go ahead and throw. Our time is running out.I didnt know how much time had passed exactly, but the sun was definitely d ismantle in the sky. I looked back at Adrian, silently asking for help in dealing with this insanity. His only response was a shrug.Youre a witness to this, I told him. You heard her tell me to do it.He nodded. Youre all in all blameless.I took a deep breath and summoned my next fireball. I was so frazzled that it started off red, and I had to work to heat it up. Then I looked up at Ms. Terwilliger and braced myself for the shot. It was more difficult than I expected and not just because I was worried about hurting her. Throwing something at the ground required almost no thought. The focus in that location was on aim and little else. But facing a person, seeing her eyes and the way her chest rose and fell while breathing . . . well, she was right. It was entirely different from hitting an inanimate object. I began to tremble, unsure if I could do it. Youre wasting time, she warned. Youre sapping energy again. Throw.The command in her component jolted me to action. I threw.The fir eball flew from my hand, straight at her but it never made contact. I couldnt trust my eyes. About a theme in front of her, it hit some kind of invisible barrier, shattering apart into small flames, which quickly dissipated into smoke. My jaw dropped.What is that? I exclaimed.A very, very powerful protect spell, she said, clearly enjoying my reaction. She lifted up a pendant that had been hanging under her shirt. It didnt look like anything special, just a piece of unpolished carnelian wrapped in silver wire. It took incredible effort to make this . . . and requires more effort still in order to maintain it. The result is an invisible shield as you can see thats impervious to most physical and magical attacks.Adrian was by my side in a flash. Hang on. Theres a spell that makes you invulnerable to everything, and you only now just thought to mention it? Youve been going on this whole time about how Sydneys in danger Why dont you just teach her this one? Then your sister cant to uch her. Although it didnt seem like Adrian was about to attack her as he had Marcus, he was almost just as upset. His face was flushed, his eyes hard. He had clenched his fists at his side, but I didnt even think he noticed. It was more of that primal instinct.Ms. Terwilliger remained strong in the face of his outrage. If it were that simple, then believe me, I would. Unfortunately, there are a number of problems. One is that Sydney, prodigy that she is, is nowhere near strong enough to cast this. Im hardly strong enough. The other problem is that it has an extremely short time frame, which is why Ive been so adamant about a schedule. It only lasts six hours and requires so much effort that you cant just cast it and permanently keep it on you at all times. Im already worn out and will be even more so once it fades. I wont be able to cast it or hardly any other magic for at least another day. Thats why I need Sydney to be prepared at all times.Neither Adrian nor I said anything ri ght away. Id taken punctuate of her weary state when she got in the car but hadnt thought much more about it. As wed continued to practice out here, Id observed her sweating and looking more fatigued, but Id written it off to the heat. Only now could I fully appreciate the extent of what she had done.Why would you go to so much effort? I asked.To keep you alive, she snapped. Now, dont make this a waste. Weve only got one more hour before it wears off, and you need to be able to aim at someone without thinking twice. You hesitate too much.She was right. Even knowing that she was invulnerable, I still had a difficult time attacking her. Violence just wasnt something I embraced. I had to push down all my inner worries and treat it exactly like Skee-Ball. Aim, throw. Aim, throw. Dont think.Soon, I was able to fight past my anxieties and throw without hesitation. She even tried moving around a little, just to give me a better feel for what itd be like with a real foe, but I didnt find it to be much of a challenge. She was simply too tired and unable to run around or dodge me. I actually started to feel bad for her. She looked like she was about ready to pass out, and I felt guilty sizing up my next shot and AhhFire arced from Ms. Terwilligers fingertips just as I released my fireball. My shot went wide, the ball disintegrating before it got anywhere near her. The fire shed released passed me, about a foot away. With a weary grin, she sank to her knees and exhaled.Class dismissed, she said.What was that? I asked. I dont have a magic shield on meShe didnt display my same concern. It was nowhere near you. I made sure of that. It was simply to prove that no matter how boring and easy this seems, all bets are off when someone is actually attacking you. Now then. Adrian, would you be kind enough to bring me my bag? I have some dried dates in there that I think both Sydney and I would appreciate right about now.She was right. Id been so caught up in the lesson that I ha dnt noticed how exhausted I had become. She was in worse shape, but the magic had definitely taken its toll on me. Id never worked with amounts this big for so long, and my body felt weak and drained as the usual blood sugar drop occurred. I began to understand why she kept warning me away from the really difficult stuff. I splits inhaled the dried dates shed brought for us, and although the sugar helped, I was desperate for more. Adrian gallantly helped us both walk back to the parking lot at the parks entrance, keeping one of us on each arm.Too bad were out in the middle of nowhere, I grumbled, once we were all in Adrians car. I think youd be stupid(p) at how much I could eat right now. Ill probably faint before were back to some civilization and restaurants.Actually, said Adrian. You might be in luck. I think I saw a place not far from here when we were driving in.I hadnt noticed anything, but Id been too preoccupied worrying about Ms. Terwilligers upcoming lesson. Five minu tes after we were back on the highway, I saw that Adrian was right about a restaurant. He exited onto a disconsolate little road, pulling into the gravel parking lot of a small but freshly painted white building.I stared at the sign out front in disbelief.Pies and Stuff?You wanted sugar, Adrian reminded me. The Mustang kicked up dust and gravel, and I winced on behalf of the car. And at least its not Pies and Bait or anything like that.Yeah, but the Stuff part isnt exactly reassuring.I thought it was more the Pie part that had you upset.Despite my misgivings, Pies and Stuff was actually a cute and clean little establishment. Polka-dot curtains hung in the windows, and the display case was filled with every pie imaginable as well as stuff like carrot cake and brownies. We were the only people under threescore in the whole place.We enjoin our pie and sat down with it in a corner booth. I ordered peach, Adrian had French silk, and Ms. Terwilliger went with pecan. And of course, she and I had the waitress bring us coffee as soon as humanly possible since wed had to abstain, painfully, for the magic. I took a sip and immediately felt better.Adrian ate his slice at a reasonable rate, like a normal person, but Ms. Terwilliger and I dug in as though we hadnt eaten in a month. Conversation was irrelevant. Only pie mattered. Adrian regarded us both with delight and didnt try to interrupt until wed practically licked the ordered seriess clean.He nodded toward mine. another(prenominal) piece?Ill take more coffee. I eyed the sparkling plate and couldnt help but notice that inner voice that used to nag me about calories was quiet these days. In fact, it didnt seem to be around anymore at all. Id been so angry about Adrians food intervention, but his words had ended up having a bigger impact than Id expected. Not that it had anything to do with him personally, of course. Lightening up my dieting restrictions was just a reasonable idea. That was it. I feel pretty good now .Ill get you another cup, he told me. When he returned, he even had a mug for Ms. Terwilliger. Figured youd want one too.She smiled in appreciation. Thank you. Youre very astute. As she drank, I couldnt help but notice she still looked tired, scorn the fact that wed just replenished with sugar. She no longer seemed in danger of passing out, but it was obvious she hadnt recovered as quickly as I had.Are you sure youre okay? I asked her.Dont worry, Ill be fine. She sipped more coffee, her face lost in thought. Its been years since I performed the shield spell. I forgot how much it takes out of me.I was again struck by all the vex shed gone through for me. Ever since shed identified me as a potential magic user, Id done nothing but resist her and even be antagonistic.Thanks, I told her. For everything . . . I wish there was a way I could make it up to you.She set her cup down and stirred in more sugar. Im happy to do it. Theres no need to reciprocate. Although . . . once this is all over, Id like very much if youd meet my coven. Im not asking you to join, she added quickly. Just to speech. I think youd find the Stelle very interesting.Stelle, I repeated. Shed never called them by name before. The stars.Ms. Terwilliger nodded. Yes. Our origins are Italian, though as youve seen already the magic we use comes from a number of cultures.I was at a loss for words. Shed gone to so much trouble for me . . . surely it wasnt a big deal just to talk to the other witches, right? But if it was such a small thing, then why was I terrified? The answer came to me a few moments later. lecture to others, seeing the larger organization, would kick my involvement with magic up to the next level. It had taken me a long time to come around to the magic I already used. Id overcome many of my fears, but some part of me treated it as just some sideline activity. Like a hobby. Meeting other witches would change everything. I would have to accept that I was part of something so much bi gger than just the occasional dabbling. Meeting a coven seemed official. And I didnt know if I was ready to be considered a witch.Ill think about it, I said at last. I wished I could give her more, but my protective instincts had seized meIll take what I can get, she said with a small smile. Her phone chimed, and she glanced down. Speaking of the Stelle, I need to talk to one of my sisters. Ill meet you at the car. She finished her coffee and headed outside.Adrian and I followed a few minutes later. I was still troubled about the coven and caught hold of his sleeve to keep him back. I spoke softly.Adrian, when did I reach this point? Trying to crack open the Alchemists and practicing magic in the desert? Last summer, when Id been with Rose in Russia, I couldnt even tolerate the idea of sleeping in the same room with her. Id had too many Alchemist mantras running through my mind, warning me of vampire evils. And now, here I was, in league with vampires and questioning the Alchemists. That fille in Russia had nothing in common with the one in Palm Springs.No, Im still the same person at heart. I had to be . . . because if I wasnt, then who was I?Adrian smiled at me sympathetically. I think its been a culmination of things. Your curious nature. Your need to do the right thing. Its all led you to this point. I know the Alchemists have taught you to think a certain way, but what youre doing now its not wrong.I raked my hand through my hair. And yet, despite all of that, I cant bring myself to have one tiny conversation with Ms. Terwilligers coven.You have boundaries. He softly smoothed one of my wayward locks. Nothing wrong with that.Marcus would say its the tattoo holding me back.Adrian dropped his hand. Marcus says a lot of things.I dont think Marcus is trying to deceive me. He believes in his cause, and Im still worried about mind control . . . but honestly, its hard to believe Im being held back when Im out here doing stuff like this. I gestured outside, to where Ms. Terwilliger was. Alchemist dogma says this magic is unnatural and wrong.Adrians smile returned. If it makes you feel better, you actually looked natural out there back in the park.Doing . . . what? Throwing fireballs? I shook my head. Theres nothing natural about that.You wouldnt think so, but . . . well. You were . . . amazing, throwing that fire like some kind of ancient warrior goddess.Annoyed, I turned away. Stop making fun of me.He caught my arm and pulled me back toward him. I am absolutely serious.I swallowed, speechless for a moment. All I was mindful of was how close we were, that he was holding me to him with only a few inches between us. Almost as close as at the sorority. Im not a warrior or a goddess, I managed at last.Adrian leaned closer. As far as Im concerned, youre both.I knew that look in his eyes. I knew because Id seen it before. I expected him to kiss me, but instead, he ran his finger along the side of my neck. There it is, huh? Badge of honor.It t ook me a moment to realize he was talking about the hickey It had faded but wasnt entirely gone. I pulled away. It is not It was a mistake. You were out of line doing that to me.His eyebrows rose. Sage, I distinctly remember every part of that night. You didnt seem that unwilling. You were practically on top of me.I dont really remember the details, I lied.He moved his hand from my neck and rested a fingertip on my lips. But Ill stick to just kissing these if it makes you feel better. No mark. He started to lean toward me, and I jerked away.You will not Its wrong.What, kissing you, or kissing you in Pies and Stuff?I glanced around, suddenly aware that we were creating a dinner show for the senior citizens, even if they couldnt hear us. I backed up.Both, I said, feeling my cheeks burn. If youre going to attempt something inappropriate something you said you wouldnt do anymore then you could at least pick a better place.He laughed softly, and the look in his eyes confused me further . Okay he said. The next time I kiss you, I promise itll be in a more amatory place.I what? No You shouldnt try at all I began moving toward the door, and he fell in step with me. What happened to loving me from a distance? What happened to not, um, bringing up any of this stuff? For someone who was allegedly just going to watch from afar, he wasnt doing a very good job. And I was doing an even worse job of being indifferent.He moved in front of the door and blocked my way. I said I wouldnt if you dont want me to. But youre kind of giving me mixed signals, Sage.I am not, I said, amazed that I could even say that with a straight face. Even I didnt believe it. Youre presumptuous and exacting and a whole lot of other things if you think Ive changed my mind.You see, thats just it. There he was again, moving into my space. I think you like the other things.I shook off my daze and pulled away. I like humans.Another Alchemist lesson came to mind. They look like us, but dont be deceived . The Moroi dont display the malice of the Strigoi, but creatures who drink blood and pull strings nature have no place in our world. Work with them only as you must. We are not the same. Keep your distance as much as possible. Its for the good of your soul.Adrian didnt look like he believed this either, but he stepped away and headed outside. I followed a few moments later, thinking Id played with fire more than once today.

Intelligence Testing Article Analysis Essay

No other topic in psychological science has forever generated as much lodge in as the study of valet de chambre scholarship. Numerous tests and strategies fetch been designed to explore the quality of human perception agency in depth and to analyze the basic factors and processes which take place inside the structure of human cognitive functioning. From the viewpoint of psychology, discussion interrogation whitethorn provide professionals with a panoptic range of effective instruments of investigate and analysis.Simultaneously, not all professionals and scholars in the field of psychology agree that recognition scrutiny is an effective and a relevant tool of psychological analysis. In this context, a number of theories have been designed to explain the consequence of intelligence examination as such and the factors which whitethorn impede or enhance mavins successes in the process of interrogatory intelligence. Intelligence Testing Article summary Introduction No ot her topic in psychology has ever generated as much interest as the study of human intelligence.Numerous tests and strategies have been designed to explore the quality of human intelligence in depth and to analyze the basic factors and processes which take place within the structure of human cognitive functioning. From the viewpoint of psychology, intelligence interrogation may provide professionals with a wide range of effective instruments of research and analysis. Simultaneously, not all professionals and scholars in the field of psychology agree that intelligence testing is an effective and a relevant tool of psychological analysis.In this context, a number of theories have been designed to explain the essence of intelligence testing as such and the factors which may impede or enhance ones successes in the process of testing intelligence. It is difficult not to agree to Gottfredson (2006) the debate over intelligence and intelligence testing focuses on the question of whether it is useful or meaningful to evaluate people according to a single major dimension of cognitive competence.Nevertheless, researchers keep to believe that intelligence testing may be of extreme value, when measuring specific aspects of human cognitive activity and seeking to expand the boundaries of human cognitive functioning. Gottfredson (2006) lets a whole set of supposititious assumptions, trying to remain objective in her paygrade of intelligence testing relevance as a tool of psychological analysis. In Gottfredsons view, intelligence testing is usually designed to measure one specific aspect of ones cognitive ability (e.g. , mathematical skills), merely where psychologists seek to evaluate one specific cognitive function, they be given to occlude that intelligence tests cannot be fully released and clarified of other affable skills. These ar usually referred to as mental impurities they do not have any significant effects on cognitive testing results, but should be taken into account to guarantee the objectivity of testing procedures. Interestingly, Gottfredson (2006) links the effectiveness of intelligence testing to biological factors.In her view, the effectiveness of ones cognitive functioning depends on age moreover, researchers tend to believe into existence of a human gene responsible for IQ. Finally, it is at least incorrect to bring that social and psychological environments produce marked effects on ones IQ. As a result, it is unclear whether measuring ones intelligence may produce any significant changes on the quality of ones wellbeing (Gottfredson, 2006) nevertheless, professional psychologists are still committed to the idea of utilize intelligence testing to define ones knowledge disabilities.OBrien (2001) develops a set of theoretical assumptions which place intelligence testing as the outstanding means to define ones learning disabilities and the means of resolving them, and while intelligence testing has been widely used to anal yze and determine ones learning disabilities, it would be fair to say that to some extent intelligence testing had been devised for this purpose.In his theory, OBrien (2001) refers to the cut-off scores which may prevent professionals from investigating the cognitive implications of low-IQ groups, but which cannot also serve a serious obstacle on professionals way to developing more effective intelligence testing forms. It appears that on the basis of IQ alone it is possible to predict the pathways children will follow in their cognitive development, and develop a set of social adjustments low-scored children will need to improve the quality of their well-being.In this context, intelligence testing is expected to produce long-term impacts on ones life and ones prospects for soul and professional self-realization. Given that intelligence testing involves information processing mechanisms and relevant nerve centers which require activation, the promote of this activation and the qua lity of information processing shapes the cognitive image of a person and turns intelligence testing into a relevant tool of psychological analysis (Schweizer, 2000).However, how is effective intelligence testing? And what factors professionals need to opine in order to promote objectivity of testing results? Despite the wide application of intelligence testing in psychological practice, its effectiveness remains the topic of hot debate. On the one hand, there is no single definition of what intelligence is. On the other hand, it is not clear, how appropriate it is to measure the social usefulness of a person based on a single cognitive criterion (Gottfredson, 2006).It appears that the effectiveness of intelligence testing also depends on ones mood, fatigue, or motivation. From the cultural viewpoint, the majority of intelligence tests are designed to fit to Westernized cultural criteria, and are thus of limited use in mixed populations (OBrien, 2001). Finally, Schweizer (2000) su ggests that collectable to the limited access of human consciousness to information, the processes of information processing involved into intelligence testing may not always reveal the true state of cognitive functioning in children and adults.Certainly, intelligence testing remains one of the most reliable and widely used methods of investigating cognitive mechanisms in humankind but the problem is that we have not yet gone beyond the boundaries of traditional cognitive knowledge. For psychology professionals, intelligence testing remains the only available tool of research, the reliability of which is usually taken for granted.As a result, whether professionals are able to hold off deeper into the essence of human cognition and to develop sound analytical strategies depends on their preparedness to cross the boundaries of traditional research, and to investigate the effectiveness of traditional intelligence testing procedures. endpoint Intelligence testing remains one of the central instruments psychology professionals use to test human cognitive abilities. Despite the stable popularity of intelligence testing, its effectiveness remains the topic of hot debate.Numerous factors have to be reconsidered and reevaluated to guarantee objectivity of testing procedures. To a large extent, the reliability of intelligence testing is taken for granted, and whether this subject of analytical research works to promote individuals social wellbeing depends on the psychology professionals ability to look deeper into the essence of intelligence testing and cognitive mechanisms, which are involved into the process of testing ones cognitive features. ReferencesGottfredson, L. S. (2006). The general intelligence factor. Scientific American. Retrieved April 28, 2009 from http//www. psych. utoronto. ca/users/reingold/courses/intelligence/cache/1198gottfred. html OBrien, G. (2001). delineate learning disability What place does intelligence testing have now? Developmental M edicine and electric razor Neurology, 43 (8) 570-573. Schweizer, K. (2000). Cognitive mechanisms at the core of success and failure in intelligence testing. Psychologische Beitrage, 42 (2) 190-200.

Marine science Essay

5.Explain how a Harmful Algal Bloom place impact an ecosystem. The toxins tolerate be dissemination throughout various organisms as of humans and the food chain. If the consistent blooms it can block the light from compass into the water and it can cause many organisms dead. 6.Cr eliminatee a chart or Graph showing the estimated frugal impact of HABs on the United States over three historic period. You may use any type of chart or graph you wish. If you need some help with charts or Graphs click on the Graphs and Chart attention below. You may use one for each year or include all three years on the same chart or graph. Based on the data what would you predict about the frugal impacts in the years to come?1.Name two types of sickness you can get from phytoplankton in Florida, and describe how you can get them. What symptoms led to the diagnosis of our patients? The two types of sickness are Lyngba and Karlodinium Veneficum. You can get lyngba when you swimming in the ocean a nd you can get karlodinum veneficum if you eaten a fish they waste toxins in it.2.Explain how an HAB outbreak can have a devastating economic impact? It reaches to tourism, public health, safety jobs, and coastal communities. It causes the beaches to be closed the look for and shellfish to shut down.3.Why do you think it can be difficult to determine the causes of HAB related illnesses and events? It can be very difficult because many of the symptoms are like every sickness which include sniffling, coughing, sneezing, and may be confused as a common cold or fever.4.Summarize how the conditions found in the gulf of Mexico contribute to the overgrowth of phytoplankton. Gulf of Mexico has over 40 kinds of toxic algae and since people still eat the fish it contribute to the overgrowth.